Involute Spline Shafts
Accuracy Grade: ISO / DIN / GB Level 5–9
Pressure Angle: 30° (standard) / 45° (available on request)
Number of Teeth: Per customer drawing / standard series
Shaft Length: Customizable per application
End Configuration: Straight / Stepped / Flanged / Keyway
Material: Alloy steel, stainless steel, carbon steel, brass
Introduction
Hansheng Automation specializes in the design and manufacture of custom involute spline shafts built to perform in the most demanding power transmission environments. With over a decade of precision gear manufacturing experience, we deliver involute spline shafts engineered to internationally recognized standards — including DIN 5480, ANSI B92.1, and ISO 4156 — for customers in automotive, aerospace, industrial machinery, and robotics sectors worldwide.
Whether you need a single prototype or a high-volume production run, our involute spline shafts are manufactured with exact tooth geometry, tight dimensional tolerances, and surface finishes tailored to your application.
Key Features & Technical Advantages of Our Involute Spline Shafts
Our involute spline shafts are engineered to deliver measurable performance advantages in real-world transmission systems:
- Wide Customization Range
- Precision Involute Tooth Profile
- Superior Torque Transmission Capacity
- Excellent Self-Centering Performance
- Low Noise and Minimal Vibration
- More Heat Treatment & Surface Hardening Options
Specifications & Technical Parameters
The table below summarizes the standard capability range for our involute spline shafts. Parameters outside this range may be achievable on a project basis — please contact our engineering team to discuss your specific requirements.
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Accuracy Grade | ISO / DIN / GB Level 5–9 |
| Gear Module | 0.1 – 5.0 |
| Tip Diameter (OD) | 3 mm – 300 mm |
| Pressure Angle | 30° (standard) / 45° (available on request) |
| Number of Teeth | Per customer drawing / standard series |
| Shaft Length | Customizable per application |
| End Configuration | Straight / Stepped / Flanged / Keyway |
| Material | Alloy steel, stainless steel, carbon steel, brass |
| Surface Finish | Ra 0.8 – 3.2 µm (grinding available for Grade 5) |
| Heat Treatment | Induction hardening / Case hardening / As-machined |
| Surface Coating | Black oxide / Phosphate / Zinc (on request) |
Non-standard modules, inch-series splines (ANSI B92.1), and special alloy grades are available on request.
International Standards Compliance
Our involute spline shafts are designed and manufactured in full compliance with the world’s leading spline standards. We work to the customer’s specified standard as the governing document for all dimensional, tolerance, and fit requirements:
- DIN 5480 — German standard for involute spline connections; widely used in European automotive and industrial applications
- ANSI B92.1 — American inch-series involute splines; standard for North American OEM transmission and drive systems
- ANSI B92.2M — American metric involute splines
- ISO 4156 — International involute spline standard, harmonized with major national standards
- GB/T 3478 — Chinese national standard for involute splines
If your project references a different national or company-specific standard, our engineering team will work directly from your drawing to ensure full dimensional conformance.
Materials & Surface Treatments
Selecting the appropriate material and surface treatment process is crucial to the service life of an involute spline shaft. Below we list the materials and surface treatments we commonly use.
Base Materials
- Alloy Steel — 20MnCr5, 16MnCr5, 42CrMo4, EN24 (817M40)
- Carbon Steel — 45# steel, C45E
- Stainless Steel — 304, 316, 17-4PH
- Brass & Copper Alloys
Heat Treatment Options
Induction Hardening
Surface hardness HRC 50–58 (recommended for C45E and 42CrMo4), preserving a tough core.
Case Hardening (Carburizing + Quenching)
Surface hardness HRC 58–62, case depth 0.5–2.0 mm, excellent for shock-loaded involute spline shafts (typically applied to 20MnCr5 and 16MnCr5).
Through Hardening
For uniform hardness requirements across the cross-section.
Annealing / Normalizing
For improved machinability on complex shaft profiles.
Surface Finish & Coating
- Precision grinding to Ra 0.8 μm for Grade 5 accuracy
- Black oxide, phosphate, and zinc coating available for corrosion protection
- Strict quality control: For zinc plating or thick phosphate, a precise plating allowance is reserved during grinding to ensure perfect flank fit after coating.
Gear Manufacturing Process: From Blank to Finished Involute Spline Shaft
At Hansheng Automation, every involute spline shaft passes through a controlled, multi-stage manufacturing sequence. Our facility is equipped with dedicated CNC gear machining centers that cover the full range of spline geometries and accuracy grades.
Our Four Core Gear Cutting Processes
Gear Skiving —(ISO/GB Grade 5–7, Grade 5 achievable via hard skiving or post-heat-treatment grinding)
Gear skiving is our primary process for manufacturing internal involute splines (sleves/hubs). Using our Kashifuji KPS30 CNC gear skiving machine, we produce both internal and external splines with exceptional accuracy and surface consistency. Gear skiving is particularly well-suited to complex internal spline profiles and enables tight-tolerance production that is difficult to achieve with conventional shaping.
Gear Hobbing(ISO/GB Grade 6–7)
For external involute spline shafts requiring high production efficiency, gear hobbing is our preferred method. Our Ningjiang YK3610 CNC horizontal gear hobbing machine handles modules up to 3.0 and workpiece diameters up to 100 mm, delivering consistent Grade 6–7 accuracy across production runs.
Gear Shaping(ISO/GB Grade 7–9)
For involute spline shafts that require both internal and external spline features, or for geometries that cannot be hobbed due to interference, our gear shaping process provides the necessary flexibility. Our Nidec SE25FR CNC gear shaping machine and YS5120 CNC high-speed gear shaping machine (4-axis, 3-linkage CNC) handle external gear diameters up to 200 mm and internal gears from 60 mm (+ tool diameter).
Gear Broaching(ISO/GB Grade 8–11)
For high-volume production of small internal involute splines, our Fujikoshi broaching machine delivers consistent dimensional accuracy at the highest production rates. Commonly applied to internal spline hubs, coupling sleeves, and small transmission shafts.
Applications of Involute Spline Shafts
Our involute spline shafts are supplied to customers across a wide range of industries and end-use environments.
- Automotive Transmission Systems
- Industrial Gearboxes & Speed Reducers
- Robotics & Automation Equipment
- Aerospace & Defense
- Agricultural Machinery
- Marine & Off-Highway Equipment
Ready to discuss your involute spline shaft requirements? Our engineering team responds to all RFQs within 24 business hours.
To help us provide an accurate quotation, please include:
- Part drawing (PDF, DWG, or STEP)
- Required standard (DIN 5480 / ANSI B92.1 / ISO 4156 / GB/T 3478)
- Material and heat treatment requirements
- Required accuracy gradeQuantity and target delivery date
FAQ
An involute spline shaft is a power transmission shaft with external teeth machined to an involute tooth profile — the same geometric curve used in standard gear teeth. The involute profile allows the spline to self-center within its mating hub, distribute torque evenly across all teeth, and engage/disengage smoothly.
We manufacture to DIN 5480, ANSI B92.1, ANSI B92.2M, ISO 4156, and GB/T 3478. We work from your specified standard and drawing — if you reference a company-specific or application-specific standard, our engineering team will review it before quoting.
Our involute spline shafts are available from ISO/GB Grade 5 through Grade 9, depending on the manufacturing process selected. Grade 5 components are produced using our precision grinding process. Grade 6–7 is achievable via CNC gear hobbing and gear skiving. Grades 8–9 cover gear shaping and broaching processes.
We regularly work with alloy steel (20MnCr5, 16MnCr5, 42CrMo4, EN24), carbon steel (45#, C45E), stainless steel (304, 316), and brass.
MOQ: 5 pcs. For prototype and low-volume orders, we recommend including gaging requirements in your RFQ to ensure correct fit with your mating components.
Lead time depends on complexity, quantity, and the heat treatment or surface finish required. Standard production involute spline shafts typically ship within 3–5 weeks. Please contact us with your drawing for a specific lead time commitment.
